What’s going on here?
Scientists have discovered a brand new behavior in orca populations; the whales have been spotted tearing off pieces of kelp and rolling it over their bodies with the help of a partner. This behavior, which was revealed in drone observations, is being called “allokelping”
What does this mean?
While orcas have long fascinated marine scientists with their complex hunting strategies and social rituals, this brand new behavior reveals the whales’ ability to manufacture and use kelp tools. This has got scientists excited, because creating tools is a skill mostly seen in terrestrial animals.
While kelping is a frequent behavior among whales and dolphins, involving a partner might mean that this behavior serves both a social and hygiene function. Similarly, researchers in Canada theorise that belly rubbing on pebble beaches functions as both a grooming method -helping to remove parasites and exfoliate skin- and a social activity that reinforces bonds within family pods.
After biting off a piece of kelp, the whale will approach a partner and place the kelp between their bodies, maneuvering as they try to keep the kelp rolling. This is achieved by creating an exaggerated “S” shape with their bodies, keeping in contact for approximately 32 seconds.
Why should we care?
Orcas, also widely known as “killer whales”, are top predators and are found in every ocean in the world. They form distinct populations, each with its own unique diet, behaviors, social structure, and habitat.
This research was conducted in the Salish Sea, home to the critically endangered Southern Resident whale population. These whales are one of NOAA Fisheries’ Species in the Spotlight . Their population has declined over 10% since 2005, as they face threats such as depleted prey, disturbance from vessels and elevated contamination from environmental pollutants.
The researchers that observed allokelping are also worried about the decline of bull kelp due to rising ocean temperatures. Shortages of the kelp could put further pressure on killer whales and disrupt this behavior.
Documenting and preserving the Southern residents’ cultural habits is a key objective under Canada’s Species at Risk Act. By gaining a deeper understanding of the species, scientists are able to develop regulations and management plans that protect killer whales, their food sources and support their recovery.
Be Curious!
- Learn more about how you can help to protect orcas and their habitat
- From the Curious archives: What’s up with these orcas?
- Take part in a Whale and Dolphin Conservation action
Feature image by Stephen Walker ,via Unsplash
